The Missionary Journeys of Paul the Apostle Term Paper

The Missionary Journeys of Paul the Apostle - Term Paper Example His change contributed extensively to the renaissance of Christ. All through his preacher ventures, he changed strict convictions and theory and established chapels all around the Mediterranean world. As indicated by the Biblical foundation, it is seen that there were three minister excursions of Paul, around during 48-60 AD. Numerous Christian researchers accept that Paul strolled by walking during his excursions through the city of Israel, Cyprus, Turkey, Syria, Greece and Italy. Paul’s minister ventures spread northwest and the west of Jerusalem and the Mediterranean universe of the Roman Empire1. The conversation from this time forward mirrors the methodologies and techniques utilized by Paul in his teacher ventures. In this manner, the conversation centers around Paul’s three teacher ventures. Besides, the conversation likewise expects to introduce a short comprehension of the authentic, strict and social settings of his three excursions. Paul’s Missionary M ethods and Strategies Paul rehearsed different methodologies to spread the Christian confidence to places he visited during his minister ventures. As per Langston, Paul executed an arrangement to proselytize the Roman universe of Mediterranean, affirming three most critical places for Judaism as Palestine, Alexandria and Babylon2. In this way, it tends to be seen that moving towards the western locale, Paul the Apostle deliberately proselytized the then less populated zones. Besides, for the successful consummation of the foundation of early places of worship, Paul depended on a couple of number of aficionados, on whom he could present his total confidence to achieve the activity of evangelism. This gathering of fans included Luke, Timothy, Epaphroditus, Titus and Silas3. Paul the Apostle further settled houses of worship under the oversight of ‘older and abler men’, who could preserve the profound confidence in Christ alongside extending it. Paul’s essential goa ls were to make ‘indigenous’ temples with complete profound authority under his own service. Paul’s work consistently featured the otherworldly obligation of association in Jesus Christ. Being the ‘spiritual father’, Paul assumed the liability to administer these holy places, making occasional individual visits. The profound quality of Apostle Paul can be gained from the different scenes of his teacher ventures. For example, to amass the important fund required for his preacher venture, Paul utilized himself during the day as a ‘tentmaker’, maintaining a strategic distance from any help from his adherents and lovers. In each city which Paul visited, he perceived a Jewish ‘synagogue’, which is the petition house utilized for the Jews, to create it as an early church. He likewise searched out specific Jews whom he distinguished as ‘God-dreading Gentiles’ who would not like to submit to the Jewish ceremonial prereq uisites and presented on them the obligation of keeping the standards of the congregation and spreading the lessons of Christ which He lectured during His service all around the region4. Paul’s Missionary Journeys First Journey (48-49 AD) From March of 48 AD to September of 49 AD, Paul started his excursion along the course of Antioch in Pisidia, Paphos and Salamis in Cyprus, Antioch in Syria, Perga in Asia Minor, Iconium, Lystra, Derbe, and back to Lystra. His first evangelist venture started in Antioch of Syria, where he possessed to burn through an extensive effort for the

Unit criteria

Pl Criteria-utilizing the contextual analyses gave compose a clarification of how you would utilize standards and qualities when arranging your customers care Introduction For the initial segment of this task I will utilize standards of arranging riches care in wellbeing and social consideration with every customer diversely to profit every customer care needs. Standards are guided lines to tell the best way to do the most ideal method of care for various help clients and furthermore to illuminate or manage staff individuals on the right method to act when doing care.Case study 1-Tom is an older man who has been determined to have dementia. Tom is an amiable man who used to make the most of his profession as a workmanship instructor and has sold a portion of his artworks, he likewise appreciates being in the nursery of the Independent living unit. At whatever point conceivable he Likes to take care of the plants In the holders on the porch and the Indoor plants situated around the ho me. Tom imparts the Independent living unit to two others. There are full time professions that help the administration clients with their exercises of day by day living.Tom does not have the ability to settle on educated choices in regards to his wellbeing and prosperity. In a joint effort with tom and his closest relative Staffs can devise a consideration plan that advances his all encompassing prosperity. The main guideline I will utilize is strengthening. In doing this it implies that I will be giving every individual the right measure of data to empower them to settle on educated choices and furthermore to settle on decisions about their consideration needs and their life.The way that I would utilize strengthening with tom would be giving him enough freedom so he would have the option to settle on his own choices , I would likewise be permitting tom to assume liability for how he might Want to complete his day, for example, at he needs to wear and furthermore If he needs to mak e himself a beverage or If he would need to help cause the food at that point to permit him to assist in doing this it sick assistance to fabricate toms autonomy and furthermore it will bit by bit assist tom with feeling progressively regarded and he will feel as though everybody around him has regard him.As a staff part the fundamental need is help ensure that tom is upbeat about what's going on and furthermore to remember tom for choices. One way that would ensure tom was incorporated would be when making toms care arrangement and the staff could incorporate him by inquiring as to whether what as in the arrangement was alright for hey or on the off chance that he needed anything changing inside it to ensure that he felt as though he was included or on the off chance that he had a state In It.I would likewise bolster tom's inclinations and would perceive his inclinations In doing this It would imply that I would ask tom what he would need to occur and In doing this It would give hi m some Independence. Demonstrating tom that I am supporting his inclination would be me permitting tom to keep on taking care of the plants inside every other person who was in the unit with him. In meeting tom's physical, scholarly, social and passionate needs implies that when inclining his consideration plan we should talk into account his physical needs, for example, in the event that He needs to exercise.Intellectually we would need to make sense of how to develop his memory despite the fact that tom endures with dementia this is no reason to leave this arrangement of requirements out. Socially we could welcome different individuals from the unit to Join in with the consent of tom with helping him in the cultivating. Taking a gander at the enthusiastic requirements for tom many individuals with dementia experience difficulty communicating their emotions which regularly brings about dissatisfaction in this circumstance you would need to consider cap tom is an individual and rely ing upon how you respond to this will be close to home to him.Due to his dementia orchestrating social excursions might be troublesome as he could overlook where he is and what was arranged in doing this he may get baffled and could lash out. Yet, rather we could urge tom to partake in exercises in little gatherings with other assistance clients in the unit this will help with toms scholarly needs too in doing this it would likewise push hey to communism with different individuals in the unit, it will assist tom with becoming companions with the administration clients and sick additionally manufacture trust tit them.Emotionally e could request that toms family visit 2-3 ties every week in doing this it will assist tom with seeing the advancement inside his family and it will likewise construct his social needs to as he will interface with various gatherings of individuals and discussion will likewise change. Staff individuals could ask tom how he is feeling and how he feels about hi s exercises this would give tom somebody to converse with on the off chance that he was having a terrible day and it would assist him with trusting others with tom telling the staff how he is feeling it might likewise give them an affect to how he might want to be treat and furthermore how they could make his ATA increasingly pleasant . N welcoming his family around it will give him something to anticipate regardless of whether tom wasn't in the best of temperaments during the week advising him that his family are staying with him Taking his physical needs into account we would need to ensure that tom would be taking his medicine at the correct occasions and ensuring that he really takes them because of his dementia he may overlook that he needs to take any kind of drug, to ensure that tom is taking the entirety of his essential prescription I would propose that an individual from staff manages him.Working in organization would imply that staff would be progressing in the direction of commitment off the help that tom would need.Working with his family, hole's and the present vocations working inside the autonomous living unit the staff would likewise be working with tom, in doing this it would imply that we would plunk down with tom and his family just as other social insurance experts and making a consideration arrangement for him that would mind plan that has been made for him is significant as his family would need to check if what was in the consideration plan was best for him and would be the most ideal approach to do is care needs it is significant that tom is remembered for settling on choices for his consideration plan as he may have recommendation and including him would cause him to feel esteemed and respected.Carrying out all encompassing consideration implies taking a gander at the entire consideration of the individual and concentrating chiefly on them in doing this it implies that the staff would concentrate basically on tom in doing this it woul d imply that tom would feel increasingly esteemed in light of the fact that the staff individuals would have more opportunity to do his consideration and it would likewise imply that his consideration needs would be completed completely, they would concentrate on his devotion needs, and they would concentrate on dietary and exercise needs Just in light of the fact that tom has dementia doesn't imply that he shouldn't practice if tom didn't practice it might imply that he would get unfortunate and his wellbeing would likewise break down. They ought to likewise consider his past and current leisure activities in doing this it would show that the staff where focusing on him. Contextual investigation 2 Sue is a multi year elderly person who has had a stroke. She lives in oak edge care home.She has lost the utilization of her correct arm and leg she experiences issues talking unmistakably. Luckily sue is left given. Sue is a smart lady who until she had her stroke maintained her own busi ness and had 23 utilized individuals. Sue likes to tune in to music and communism with different occupants in the home. She particularly appreciates make meetings as she used to finish cross fasten weaving as a leisure activity Sue is additionally participating in physiotherapy to help reinforce her correct arm and has figured out how to utilize a mobile stick for help, she likewise has language training. Since sue has had her stroke I accept that her physical needs have brought down yet are still very high because of her stroke.I would then advance sues needs rights and decisions by giving sue whatever she had mentioned, for example, something explicit inside her consideration plan. I would likewise need to regard sues supposition in doing this it would fabricate trust and furthermore begin to assemble a decent relationship, it would likewise help sue to feel regarded and it might construct her certainty too. Additionally regarding sues security when she needs it is significant as she may feel slighted if a staff part didn't permit her any protection. Permitting sue to picked exercises which she needs to participate in would fabricate her autonomy another way that would show staff would regard her references is by permitting her to pick what she would need to wear or in the event that she would need to go out some place asking her where she should need to go .My next guideline is secrecy, keeping up classification mind sue is critical to ensure that sue believes you on the off chance that sue didn't confide in the staff, at that point it might make it hard to do her consideration needs. By keeping up sues classification it would imply that if sue had trusted in you and said that she doesn't feel glad or on the off chance that it was something that may cause concern or could make hurt sue then this is the main time that his could break the trust among sue and the profession. In the event that sue had revealed to you something that may concern you FRR her wellb eing then you would need to caution a higher individual from staff and her family to ensure that she is remained careful and out of threat .When arranging sues heath care plan her family ought to be included just as other medicinal services experts, for example, physiotherapists, language instructors it is critical to include other human services experts with sues contextual analysis on the grounds that there are numerous ways that would help so come back to how she was before she had her figure of speech, in her consideration plan there would should be a type of schedule that would consistently have physiotherapy and language instruction in it having ordinary meetings would make sues advancement of discourse significantly faster and furthermore standard physiotherapy meetings will assist her with developing the inclination back in trouble her arm and leg in doing this it will support her certainty and confidence. To help sues esteems and societies the staff should let her do things that she appreciates regardless of whether the staff individuals don't agree.Listening to sues way of life and what she looks like at things I

Economic Order Quantity and Optimal Order Size free essay sample

Question 1 The Metropolitan Book Company buys papers from the Atlantic Paper Company. Metropolitan produces magazines and soft cover books that require 1,215,000 pounds of paper for every year. The expense per request for the organization is $1200; the expense of holding 1 pound of paper in stock is $0.08 every year. Decide the accompanying: a) The financial request amount b) The base absolute yearly expense c) The ideal number of requests every year d) The ideal time between orders Question 2 The buying administrator for the Atlantic Steel Company must decide an arrangement for requesting coal to work 12 converters. Every converter requires precisely 5 tons of coal for every day to work, and the firm works 360 days out of each year. The buying supervisor has confirmed that the requesting cost is $80 per request and the expense of holding coal is 20% of the normal dollar estimation of stock held. The buying supervisor has arranged an agreement to get the coal for $12 per ton for the coming year. We will compose a custom paper test on Financial Order Quantity and Optimal Order Size or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page a) Determine the ideal amount of coal to get in each request. b) Determine the absolute stock related expenses related with the ideal requesting strategy (do exclude the expense of the coal). c) If 5 days of lead time are required to get a request for coal, what amount of coal ought to be available when a request is set? Question 3 The Pacific Lumber Company and Mill process 10,000 logs every year, working 250 days out of each year. Promptly after accepting a request, the logging company’s provider starts conveyance to the wood factory, at a pace of 60 logs for every day. The timber plant has confirm that the requesting cost is $1,600 per request and the expense of conveying signs in stock before they are forms is $15 per sign on a yearly premise. Decide the accompanying: a) The ideal request size b) The all out stock expense related with the ideal request amount. c) The quantity of working days between orders d) The quantity of working days required to get a request.

Tips on Writing a Good Research Paper

Tips on Writing a Good Research PaperCreating a good research paper is not easy. A research paper is not merely a research paper but also involves the writing and delivering of an analytical essay and an evaluation. This research paper can be used for career advancement, an academic project or even a research assistant, if you are working on your dissertation. The following tips will help you create a good research paper.First, start with a concept that will hold the audience's attention in the final analysis. So write your research paper using a buzzword-worthy idea to start.Next, start with a strong statement in the introduction. You have to frame the subject matter of your paper and convince the reader that you can make a unique contribution to the field. Tell them how the project would help them in their career development and personal growth.Lastly, write a short paragraph to elaborate some jargon used in the introduction. It will be a lot easier to explain the concepts if you s tart with a clear definition of words and concepts.When you are writing your research paper, make sure that you give more emphasis to the analysis part of the paper. You have to add more information that will give examples and data so that your readers will be able to grasp the point you are trying to make.Your research paper should be logical and persuasive. There should be no need for proofs in your writing. It should be supported by the data and statistics.Research papers are very helpful for your career advancement, and it is very essential that you create one. Make sure that your topic is not as dry as one would expect, and so that the outcome is accurate and persuasive. You can find many tips and hints about writing a good research paper, right at msnbc.com.

Authors Tone Worksheet 1 Answer Key

Stop! Before you read on, have you completed the Authors Tone Worksheet 1, first? If not, go back, answer the questions and  then  head back here and find out what youve gotten right and what you may have missed.   If youre curious about what authors tone really is and wondering how to figure it out, here are  three of the tricks you can use to determine the authors tone when you dont have a clue. Feel free to use these free printable pdf files for your own educational use, too: Authors Tone Worksheet 1 | Authors Tone Worksheet 1 Answer Key Passage 1   1. What does the author most likely want to convey through the use of the phrase â€Å"ready consent to terms and a couple of coins flung upon the table?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. The strangers lack of manners and thoughtfulness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   B. The strangers desire to quickly get to his room.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   C. The strangers greediness in bartering.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   D. The strangers discomfort. The correct answer is B.  The stranger is desperate for warmth. We know that because hes covered in snow and asks for human charity, which we can only assume is because hes cold. So even though we know he is uncomfortable, the correct answer is NOT D. The author uses the words ready consent, which means eager or quickly willing consent and coins flung upon the table to indicate a hurried pace. Yes, we know its because hes uncomfortable, but the phrases indicate speed.   PASSAGE 2  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ 2. The authors attitude toward mothers trying to arrange marriages for their daughters could best be described as: A. accepting of the notion B. irritated with the notion C. astonished by the notion D. amused by the notion The correct answer is D. Even if we read nothing beyond the first line, wed get the sense that the author was slightly amused by the subject matter. The author further makes the scene amusing by pitting a complacent husband against his busybody wife. Austen depicts the mother as meddling, gossiping, and impatient. If Austen were irritated by the idea, shed make the mother more unlikable. If she were astonished by the idea, then shed make the husband act aghast when Mrs. Bennet brings it up. If she were accepting of the idea, then she probably wouldnt have written about it in a witty way. Hence, Choice D is the best bet.   3. What tone is the author most likely trying to convey with the sentence, It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. satiric   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   B. scornful   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   C. reproachful   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   D. weary The correct answer is A. This speaks to the tone of the excerpt as a whole. Shes sarcastic about societys notion of marrying young women off to wealthy men. Her overreaching statement, a truth universally acknowledged is an example of hyperbole, which is an exaggerated statement not meant to be taken literally. And although she may personally be reproachful or scornful of the idea, her tone does not convey it in this satire. PASSAGE 3 4. Which of the following choices provides the best answer to the authors final question posed in the text, while maintaining the tone of the article? A. It could be that Id fallen into a nightmare without knowing it.   B. It had to be the dreariness of the day. Nothing about the house itself was particularly depressing. C. The solution defied me. I couldnt get at the heart of my displeasure. D. It was a mystery I couldnt solve; nor could I grapple with the shadowy fancies that crowded upon me as I pondered.   The correct choice is D. Here, the answer must closely mirror the language in the text. The words used by Poe are complicated, as is his sentence structure. Choice B and Ds sentence structure is too simple and Choice Bs answer is incorrect based on the text. Choice A seems logical until you place it up against Choice D, which uses a complex structure and language similar to that already in the text. 5. Which emotion is the author most likely trying to rouse from his reader after reading this text?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. hatred   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   B. terror   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   C. apprehension   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   D. depression The correct choice is C. Although the character feels depression upon viewing the house, Poe is trying to make the reader feel apprehension in the scene. Whats going to come up? If he were trying to make the reader feel depressed, he would have spoken to something more personal. And he wasnt trying to terrify the reader in this scene, either. He wouldve used scarier content instead of relying on the dark, depressing words and phrases he does. And Choice A is completely off! Hence, Choice C is the best answer.

Cheating by Technology in National Examinations-Kenya

2.0 BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW In my practice as a supervisor in the Kenya National Examination Council (2007) Secondary Examination briefing on conduct and ways of curbing exam cheating, I rose to ask the participants made of among others, quality Assurance and Standards officers, supervisors, invigilators, security officers and the District Education office personnel, whether other than the common use of the SMS to transmit messages as a source of cheating, how much do they know about blue tooth gadget? The response left a lot to be desired as virtually less than 5% of the participants had a vague idea of what this is and its capability in being used in exam cheating. This is just but a technological issue on exam cheating.†¦show more content†¦That research leads to knowledge which leads to improved practice cannot be gain said with all this reports and statistics from all over. Dishonesty and cheating in examination is not a new phenomenon in Kenya and the world at large. According to Athanasou, J.A. and Olabisi, O (2002), cheating is seen as involving conscious participation in deception (through lying, dishonesty, falsifying, misrepresenting corruption, plagiarism, copying or unlawfully, assisting someone else) Gaberston(1997), Newstead et al (1996), Baird (1980),Cizek (1999), Cheating is an important area for educational research not only because it reduces the consequential validity of assessment results but also it is anathema to widely held public principles of Equity and truthfulness. In essence the cheating can take many forms and shape so much so that the boundary may be had to draw. According to website www.nocheating.org, Academic cheating is defined as representing someone else work as your own... Sharing another’s work †¦.Purchasing a term paper or test questions in advance, to paying another to take a test or do the work for you. This summarizes cheating as an attempt to refuse to give credit for any intellectualism where it’s due. Cases of cheating according to Randy, L.G. and Berely A. M (2002) principleShow MoreRelatedContinuing Crisis in Tertiary Education of Developing and Transition Countries3848 Words   |  16 Pagesmiddle income families who can afford to cost of high quality private secondary schools are usually better prepared to pass the public university entrance examination giving access to free higher education. -Families who can afford private tutoring in secondary level have better chance in competitive entrance examination that will avail their children for free tertiary education. The raised of fees in tertiary level made a noticeable decrease in the enrollment that is beingRead MoreDebonairs Pizza Product-Market Expansion Growth Strategies27204 Words   |  109 Pages Course and Assignment Handbook – July 2010 9. EXAMINATIONS 9.1 Examination Dates and Times 9.2 Examination Venues 9.3 General Examination Information 9.3.1 Eligibility to write an examination 9.3.2 Failure to write an examination 9.3.3 Marking of examination scripts 9.3.4 Re-marking of examination scripts 9.3.5 Aegrotat examinations 9.3.6 Supplementary examinations 9.3.7 Special Examinations 9.3.8 Requirements to write an examination 60 60 61 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 63 63 APPENDICES -Read MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesethics k. New Media and Democracy 2. Science/Tech a. Science and Ethics b. Government and scientist role in science c. Rely too much on technology? d. Nuclear technology e. Genetic modification f. Right tech for wrong reasons 3. Arts/Culture a. Arts have a future in Singapore? b. Why pursue Arts? c. Arts and technology d. Uniquely Singapore: Culture 4. Environment a. Developed vs. Developing b. Should environment be saved at all costs c. Are we doing enoughRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesCalifornia State University Tim Bothell, Brigham Young University David Cherrington, Brigham Young University John Collins, Syracuse University Kerri Crowne, Temple University Todd Dewett, Wright State University Andrew J. Dubrin, Rochester Institute of Technology Steven Edelson, Temple University Norma Givens, Fort Valley State University Barbara A. Gorski, St. Thomas University David Hampton, San Diego State University Stanley Harris, Auburn University Richard E. Hunt, Rockhurst College Daniel F. Jennings

Cause for Vegetarianism Essay Example For Students

Cause for Vegetarianism Essay Let American Consumer Counseling Help you Get Out of Debt! Cause for Vegetarianism Essay The choice of eating meat or not has been a debated issue for a continued number of years. There have long since been two sides: the proponents and opponents of meat consumption. More and more debates of its value and effect on the world have risen. Many claim it is wrong, while others think of it as a needed pleasure. Today, a greater percentage of the population eats meat. Only a few individuals seek the alternative route. Yet, there has been a steady rise in the number of vegetarians. Many may already know that religions all over the world have advocated a meat-free diet. While a few are lenient, the majority is steady. The reason a vegetarian diet has been preferred over meat dates back thousands of years. Take for example, the Christian tradition. Although most are now lenient, previously many great saints advocated a meat-free diet, for more reasons than one. In the beginning it was said by God, Here I have given you all vegetation bearing seed which is on the surface of the whole earthto you let it serve as food. (gen. 1.29) Later it was spoken by Jesus of the commandment, thou shall not kill. Jesus said, You heard that it was said to those of ancient times, Thou shall not kill; and whoever shall kill shall be in danger of the judgment.(Matthw.5.21) There is also the Hindu tradition, where a meatless way of life has gone on for thousands of years (until the invasion by foreign rule, forcing some to comply to foreign acts). This tradition has volumes of scriptures proclaiming vegetarianism. Take for example this quote from the Srimad Bhagavatam 1.7.37, A cruel and wretched person who maintains his existence at the cost of others lives deserves to be killed for his own eternal well-being, otherwise he will go down by his own actions. There are many more such quotes from scriptures all over the world. Yet nowadays, there is just the opposite of vegetarianism in compliance of these ancient texts. Although meat-eating has been denied to the human form by God and his sons and daughters of the past, people still adopt the process. Such are the statements of devout followers who adhere to a meat-free diet in accordance to scriptural texts. Those who advocate vegetarianism profess that many people are weak of heart and so succumb to meat eating. While those who advocate a meat-oriented diet say that a meat diet is essential for a normal and healthy life, for they provide protein. The Dutch chemist, Gerrit Jari Mulder, in his experiments, has proved in 1838, that protein is biologically essential, for every living creature needs a certain amount to survive. This fact about protein is due to the presence of amino acids, the building blocks of life. While it is true that animals provide essential protein for the human body, scientific reports have provided additional information that may seem to support a vegetarian viewpoint. In his Book Diet for Transcendence, Steven Rosen states from other sources that plants are the sources of protein and that animals are the secondary sources, having consumed such plants. Plants can synthesize amino acids from air, earth and water, but animals are dependent on plants for protein, either directly by eating plants or indirectly by eating an animal which has eaten and metabolized plants. There have also been many scientific reports of late showing the defects of a meat-oriented diet. Cancer and heart disease are nearly epidemic in nations with a high per capita consumption of meat, while they rarely occur in societies where little meat is consumed, quoted from Steven Rosens book Diet For Transcendence. Critiqe On Kirstie Laird EssayWith a variety of groups forming all over the world advocating vegetarianism, this issue will remain a top issue. .

Mixed methods research in strategic management Impact and applications

Ions essays

Ions essays In science we prove many things in the world, we prove how certain things are held together. The perodic table is a fantastic way to figure out how thigs are made and what they are made of. Each element has a certain number of electrons, protons, and nuetrons, which make up the element and lets it produce new things. Each element has its on diagram sayign how many eletrons there are in the shells. The eletrons never leave the middle and same with the neutrons. There arew differnt number of shells on a diagram. The first shell hold 2 eletrons and the third and forth each holds eight. You can get more outer shell's but that become more complicated. For the electron to be "Happy" or stable is need 8 on the outer shell or 2 on the first shell. When you have two eletrons and they are not "Happy" they want to beable to gain or lose eletrons to become stable. If you had a eletron that has 2 eletrons on the 3rd shell and another element with six eletros on it oute shell they they both can be stable by sharing. The element with two eletrons will find it easier to lose 2 eletrosn besides to gain 6. So the eletron will let go of two eletrons, and the element with 6 eletrons on he outer shell with gain those 2. They are both are now "Happy" elements. When the element losses or gains eletrons then the formulas also changes. When you lose eletrons you have to make the element a positive ion because the number of protons are greater then the number of eletrons. When you gain eletrons then it is a negative ion because the number of protons are less then the number of eletrons. There are many more things about ions but that is a basic grade 9 lesson. ...

Journal Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Journal - Coursework Example While some people exhibited high level of self-management as a result of supportive workplace and family along with personal capabilities, there are others who showed psychological problems like denial and also were constrained by socio-economic problems. According to the authors, self-management is â€Å"hard work, and is enabled or constrained by economic, material and socio-cultural conditions within the family, workplace and community† (p.83). The study concluded that different factors influence the self-management of people ranging from personal capabilities at micro level, accessibility of healthcare services at meso level to socio-economic conditions at macro level. The importance of self-management for diabetes patients cannot be ignored. For its effectiveness, the need is that people remain aware of the negatives impacts of the disease along with knowledge about available healthcare resources. It is necessary that clinicians prepare the patients to deal with chronic disease on daily basis so that they can accordingly change their behavior for positive outcomes. One common issue associated with older adults is falls, and although this can be the result of multiple factors, Deborah Mayne, Nigel R. Stout and Terry J. Aspray (2010) in their article have studied the extent of the impact of diabetes and associated complications on falls of older patients. In UK, it has been estimated that 40 percent of older diabetic patients who are over 65 years suffer from falls every year, and in Scotland almost 86 percent of fractures occur due to falls. It has been further estimated that diabetic patients have 1.5 to 12 times more possibility of hip fracture than non-diabetic patients. According to the authors, orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a principle factor for falls, and this phenomenon is common among 10 percent of diabetic patients.

How much has US succeeded in building democracy in the world since Term Paper

How much has US succeeded in building democracy in the world since world war 2 - Term Paper Example The Cold War, with its potential threat of nuclear conflict, was a very big threat to democracy in the world, and the United States, in the presidency of John F. Kennedy kept the world from a third major war. In this period, America played the role of peacemaker, and counter-balance to Soviet power. The difference between Communism and Capitalism expressed itself both economically and politically, and it took many years for Communism to fall, and the forces of democratic capitalism to take over. In this phase, too, America promoted democracy and proved in the end to be successful. Although America failed to establish military dominance in the Cold War, during this time from the 1950s to the 1980s America supported the creation of world agencies like NATO, the United Nations (UN), the World Trade Organization, the World Bank and the International Monetary fund (IMF). These non-state entities represent crucial attempts to spread a Western style democracy across the world. In her article about global democracy, A.M. Slaughter notes that â€Å"Power is certainly military. It is certainly economic.† (Slaughter, 2000, p. 225) and makes the point that it is in America’s own interest to promote systems and organizations which operate along American style lines. Through these agencies the United States promoted democracy and pursued its own interests at the same time. This joint objective is in fact the reason why the United States has in the end only partially been successful in building democracy across the world. Some of the military interventions that have happened seem to focus more on the United States’ desire to advance its own agenda, such as resisting communism in Korea, or fighting Islamic terrorists in Afghanistan. The line between stopping human rights atrocities, as in Kosovo, and implementing regime change as in Iraq

The human resources of a business Essay Example for Free

The human resources of a business Essay The human resources of a business must be run correctly for the business to be able to achieve its objectives. There are fair main areas of human resources management: planning, recruitment and selection training and development and performance management. To understand how these areas work and the role they hold within the business structure I have decided to research into the human resources within J.D Wetherspoon. I am going to look into their recruitment and selection section in detail. J.D Wetherspoon is a chain of public houses. The first one opened in 1979 by a 24 year old law student called Tim Martin. He opened his first pub in north London, which he named Wetherspoons, after he of his former school teacher. Tim wanted to run his pub differently from regular pubs, he offered a good range of beers, a music free environment, non- smoking area and all day food. According to Tim the pub was run very badly, in spite of his hard work. Although he was struggling he want to expand so in 1980 he obtained planning permission and a pub licence to convert a car showroom into a pub. From here on his success grew. He made his first in 1983 of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½188,000! In 1996 Wetherspoons launched its first pub in Scotland. The Scots didnt enjoy Wetherspoons as they hated the lack of music and poor choice of beers and ales. Tim was aware of the change in tastes around the country so quickly changed so it would satisfy the Scots requirements. In 1998 Wetherspoon decided to open their first hotel in Shrewsbury. Two more have opened since then. By 2001 there were 500 Wetherspoons pubs around the UK, and 100 more opened in 2002. They have now announced plans to open another hundred pubs including pubs in Bath, Burnham, and Solihull; this would create 3,000 more jobs. J.D Wetherspoons has 11,200 either full or part-time employees, of which 220 are at the head office in Watford. Human Resources Management In recent years we have seen a transformation in the way companies started dealing with the people who were their employees. Instead of seeking to get the best out of people just for the sake of the business, e.g. to help the company achieve its objectives. The human resources method is a radical change; they are able to achieve the companys objectives by supporting each employee to for fill their own personal needs. A second change in people management was in the 1990s when management began to release that it should not just be the personnel department of a business that deals with people work. Instead managers should be those that are responsible for recruitment, appraisal, selection and training of employees. A third change in people management was that HRM was given a great deal more status in the organisation. Instead of being something carried on at lower levels of the organisation, HRM is now recognised as a key strategic area of the organisation. Many organisations have moved away from personnel management t the new human resources management. Human resource planning Human resources involve recruiting the right people who then met the goals set by the company. In order for these goals to be met successfully, this process should be run productively, insuring the right people for the job are hired and their skills are used correctly. Any problem would need to be identified and solved quickly and accurately. The way this works can be shown though supply and demand. The demand side The demand for labour will depend on plan on plans of the organisation for the future. J.D Wetherspoon is an organisation that continues to grow rapidly, planning to open another hundred public houses around the UK bringing them to a total of 700. When plans such as this are to take place, it is needed to recruit a great many more employees. A demand forecast needs to be made. One way to do this with the use of work studies. Work-study knows how long various jobs take and can calculate the number of employees needed and the hours they will need to work. This technique is used mainly within manufacturing companies who will need to produce a set amount of products in a given amount of time. J.D Wetherspoons would use a different techniques; management estimates. This involves looking at past employment records and estimating how many staff would be needed in future plans. The amount of staff would depend on many factors: * Size of the establishment * Amount of customers expected * Location * Number of hours worked The forecast would also need to include how many people would need to be employed at each stage of the hierarchy. Current employees through promotions or placements would fill the majority of managerial jobs. J.D Wetherspoons has estimated that their 100 pubs would create an extra 3,000 jobs. The supply side The supply of employees can come from two different places: with the business, internally or externally. Taking employees from internal sources has befits, employees already know and understand how the business runs and operates and where it is heading. There is usually development needed in the employee, so it is important that the right person is chosen to keep costs down. All the pubs within J.D Wetherspoons chain are run in the same way. This means that a member of staff has been trained they would have the right skills to work in any Wetherspoons. Or if for any reason they needed to be transferred from one pub to another, no extra training would be needed. Bar and kitchen staff in J.D Wetherspoons need to hold certain skills e.g. politeness and respect. Thoughs sort of skills are expected of staff through-out the Wetherspoons chain, man skills such as these are seen as part of a persons personality in a sense. Most of the people who work within J.D Wetherspoons are temporary, part-time employees. Students often work in such pubs to earn some extra cash; they dont see it as a career and they are unlikely to work there for long. The type of skills that they have gained while working at Wetherspoons would make them an internal asset but also an external asset to other, rival establishments. It is important for all organisations to understand why an individual wants to work for them. This way they can be trained to the appropriate level and the business can plan ahead. All employers need to know; how many people work for them at each level, how long they plan to stay in the job, their aspirations for the job and their age. This way there can always be employees who have worked there for a while and understand how the business works. If there were too many older people in employment they would all reach retirement at the same time, leaving big gaps in the structure. Younger people tend to only have jobs as a way to gain money whilst studying. Because younger people dont stay in a job for long they damage the amount of promotions that can occur. J.D Wetherspoon has to get their staff turnover right, if too many people are leaving it will cost the company more in recruiting and training. These costs are unnecessary and can be avoided if the right people are employed to star t of with. There are two ways to measure labour turn over: Employee wastage rate It is possible to calculate the number of staff leaving a business as a percentage of those who could have left. To find the wastage rate the number of staff leaving in a time period is divided by the average number of staff employed in time period and that is then multiplied by 100 to equal a percentage. This simple equation shows this: Wastage rate = number of staff leaving in a time period x 100 Average number of staff employed in time period For example, if Wetherspoons employed 100 people but found that 25 left during the year the wastage rate would be: 25 x 100 = 25% 100 This would then help them to predict future wastage rates. They are planning to recruit 3,000 people in the next year and would expect a waste rate of 25% according to this example, meaning that 750 people would leave. This is a large figure so HMR would have to look into of they are employing the right people as recruiting more people is wasting time and money. Labour stability rate This looks at those who have left after working there for some time. The stability rate is measured by dividing the amount of people who have left with more than one years service by the number employed one year ago. Then multiplying this by 100 to make a percentage. Stability index = number of staff leaving with more than one years service x 100 Number employed one year ago This method helps businesses to understand and predict what will happen within their own workforce. It also enables an organisation to make the most of the skill and potential already present within the organisation. For example if Wetherspoons had 88 employees who had been with the company for over one year and during the year 22 employees left, the labour stability index would be: 22 x100 = 25% 88 The external labour market The external labour market is more of an irregular environment. It is made up of potential employees, locally, regionally or nationally; whom have the skills and experience required at a particular time. J.D Wetherspoons is located all over the UK, both national and local labour markets are important. There are a range of factors that effect the size and nature of these labour markets such as: Trends in the size/characteristics of the working population The UK has an ageing population. There are fewer school leavers and young workers available for employment. Businesses therefore may need to employee older people to meet their human resource requirements. Competition for labour When there is a demand for employees with certain skills, companies will be at competition with other firms who are looking for the same skills. For example ten years ago everyone wanted to employee those with I.T skills. The overall level economic activity The demand for goods and services in the economy and hence, for employed is determined by whether the economy is at a boom or recession. In a period of boom generally people will have more money to spend and therefore the demand for goods and services will rise. This therefore would lead to company increasing output and the demand for labour will also increase. Education and training opportunities Over recent years many people have decided to either continue into higher education or return to it. This has put a strain on many businesses as it has limited the amount of people that are available to work full time for tem. For J.D Wetherspoons it can be viewed as an advantage. There are more people willing to work part-time in an easy, uncomplicated environment that allows flexible hours. Plus there are also more people who have completed degrees and gained higher qualifications allowing them to enter the hierarchy at a managerial level, this would cut down on costs of training managers. The effect of government policies The government tries to entice employers to train people by reducing the cost of labour and increasing the proposal of HRM. They have introduced new qualifications, NVQs and AVCEs as an attempt of increasing the quantity of those who hold the right skills for the real world. They have also planned ahead in preparing school children for the world of work by changing the curriculum, stressing an importance on numeracy, literacy and ICT. On this graph the S1 represents the current labour supply situation, in a few years when al of those in education have left the supply of labour will be greater, represented by S2. As the supply is greater the demand (D) will be less and employers will be able to lower salaries, reducing costs. Salaries have to be monitored to check people are being fairly treated. The government may decide to increase the minimum wage. If the minimum amount a person can earn increases the supply will decrease, as many employees. The green line shows this and how the demand for labour would rise. Wage Level S1 S2 D Quantity of Labour Labour markets For all businesses they must also identify and understand the characteristics of their local employment market. Information can be gained from local employment offices or job agencies. I found these examples on the Internet. This first one is average gross weekly pay, by area this is useful to Wetherspoons as it gives them actual government statistics of how much the average wage is in certain areas. It splits it into different areas because the pay is obviously not the same throughout the country. For example London has the highest paid people mainly because it is so expensive to live in London. This graph doesnt look at London, as it is only pacific for the Southwest region. For Wetherspoons to look at this before setting a wage is useful as it will set out an average wage so they dont set theirs far too high or far too low. This would attract either too many people to apply for a certain job or no one would apply. Under the average gross weekly pay by area, is the average gross weekly pay by occupation. This is also very useful as Wetherspoons can look at this and cross-reference it with the pay by area to see how much they should be paying their employees. As you can see the information from this could come in very useful to a business such as Wetherspoons when having to recruit new employees. As they would need to know the wage rates and income level of the area in which their pub or hotel is located, this will then allow them to set the right salary and attract the type of people they want. By observing local unemployment levels companies are able to judge whether it would easy or not to employ enough people in new businesses. This is something J.D Whetherspoons would have to consider when planning the new pubs they want to open. Local employment trends can radically change in a short space of time. Large companies may be forced to close or make large numbers of employees redundant, creating huge unemployment figures, a benefit to many others. I was able to gather some secondary information from labour market review, which covered the whole of the UK but also highlighted the Southwest area. This means that if Wetherspoons was to use this information to see how employment patterns and average wages were different throughout the country. This data can greatly the recruitment process. Within all local areas there will be times when a new skill is needed in the workplace and the demand for these skills will rapidly grow, faster than the supply. This can produce many problems and companies would be forced to raise wages in an attempt to beat competitors in recruiting those that have the same scarce skill. When shortages like this appear employers often start to recruit those from further a field, nationally and sometimes internationally. Without this valuable data the J.D Wetherspoons chain could find themselves falling behind the rest of the market. This data can be used to identify if their business is operating at the same level as the rest of the country. If this is not taken into account then they could find themselves loosing employees through poor wages or even not looking for the right employees in the right areas. For HRM to be efficient a business must have the right amount of employees performing the right jobs at the right time. Therefore it is important that employers and the HRM team know if an employee is not at work and their reason why. A notified absence is when the employee knows in advance that they will not be able to attend work and inform their superior. If the employer were ill they would be entitled to any sickness benefit a doctors note would be requested. Unauthorised absence are those that need to be monitored closely. When an employee simply doesnt show for their shift it lets the team down and can leave others in the lurch, plus the business would be less able to run efficiently. An accident rate is determined by the amount of accidents that have happened in the work place. All businesses have to have the equivalent of a health and safety committee. It is their job to * Investigate and report on all accidents * Construct safety rules * Oversee health and safety training * Uphold connections with health and safety bodies * Keep up to date with the relevant national statistics and reports * Recommend any updates the company may need * Advise on any approaching legislation and relevant publicity campaigns Human resources planning help to maintain a steady flow of new people into the organisation to cover any that maybe leaving. Planning also helps to organise training programmes so each member of staff has the right skills to for fill their specific job requirements. The level of skills in any organisation should rise each year effectively making the business as a whole consistently develops.

Destructive Jealousy in Iago and Othello Essay -- essays research pape

â€Å"Jealousy has the power to destroy† Discuss the ways in which Shakespeare uses both characters Othello and Iago to convey this message. Following the recent study of Shakespeare’s play â€Å"Othello†, we found a lot of information about the play and the theme jealousy. Shakespeare wrote tragedies, comedies and histories, all were in five acts of poetry. My definition of jealousy is where someone has something or is able to do something that another person can do. They are jealous because the other people are able to and have the things they want but can’t get. The play ‘Othello’ is in Shakespeare’s group of tragedies, because of the deaths and misfortunes. The main characters in â€Å"Othello† are Othello himself, iago, Cassio, Desdamona and maybe Emilia the play has jealousy and gullibility in it. â€Å"Othello’’ is a black man in a white society. Iago is jealous of cassio because he became Othello’s lieutenant. Iago is jealous because he felt that he was the one to get that position, because he believed that he deserved it, but did not receive what he wanted. Cassio has turned into a bit of a playboy and slept with women, possibly iagos wife. Here are a few quotes about Othello, iago says, â€Å"I do suspect a trusty moor hath leaped into my seat†. I do think this is saying, that iago is thinking that Othello has slept with his wife emilia. The next quote shows that, iago wants to do to Othello what he did to him. Revenge. â€Å"Till i've evened with him, wife for wife†. Iago shows his potential of jealousy to become so destructive. Iagos wife emilia says to Desdemona (Othello’s wife), â€Å"who would not make her husband old to make him a monarch?† Iago also starts to say things about cassio like, â€Å" for I fear cassio with my night cap too.† Iago... ...ed in the extreme†. Here iago is admitting to being manipulative. At the end othello again feels isolated and feels completely vunerable throughout. The audience could see him as a mix between confident and in charge as well as being very insecure. Othello stabs iago wanting to wound him, iago’s reply is, â€Å"I bleed sir, but not killed† – which was what othello wanted.. iago ends up being taken away to be tortured and othello wants this as living is more of sa punishment. Iago is clever and manipulative and has a good understanding of people. He is evil throughout shakespeares play and he knows it. He also blames others for active manipulation of them. â€Å"demand me nothing, what you know, you know.† Iago plants the idea of desdamona in othellos mind. Initially othello does not believe him, but iago continues to manipulate othello and othello lets him do it.

Role Of Health Care Organizations Health And Social Care Essay

Health Care Organizations. The function of wellness attention organisations is really of import in the overall wellness scenario of United States. Health attention organisations are dedicated to supply comprehensive wellness services to the patients. These wellness attention organisations provide the services of doctors, nurses, research labs etc. for the patient. However, it has been forecasted by many economic analysts that the wellness disbursals in United States will see a uninterrupted rush due to the deteriorating economic conditions and the increasing figure of uninsured people. This has compelled the infirmaries and other health care supplying units to restrict their disbursals to such an extent that every citizen, conditions holding medical insurance or non, will hold the entree to quality health care. The restrain of disbursals besides affects the staffing of infirmaries and most of the infirmaries follow the scheme of understaffing of their paramedical staff ( Aiken et al. , 2002 ; Unruh, 2003 ) . The authorities of United States in order to supply greater alleviation and convenience to little concerns in the state is hungering programs and explicating policies to supply them wellness insurances which will cover up to 35 % of a company ‘s insurance premiums. With the offering of insurance increasing up to 59 % this twelvemonth the White House anticipates that over 4 million people will be able to take advantage of this agreeableness. Furthermore the authorities intends to supply full revenue enhancement recognition will be provided to employers who have work force of less than 10 employees who earn less than $ 25,000 per annum. In add-on to this the disposal is besides looking frontward towards the retainment of grandfathered wellness insurance programs as it will supply employers the unsusceptibility from certain cardinal outgos. However on the impudent side little business communities and National Federation of Independent Business has already created an confederation to oppose and turn over the jurisprudence which they claim does non supply them equal alleviation and convenience. Most of them say that the eligibility standards outlined by the authorities is so narrow that many employees will merely be barred from these insurance commissariats. Many people have started traveling towards cheaper insurance programs through which their monthly insurance premium payments will cut down. Already 20 provinces have joined custodies to oppose the jurisprudence that the Obama disposal intends to proclaim. Experts besides suggest that preparation of such Torahs will work adversely for the Democrats in the approaching midterm elections as it provides a comprehendible manifestation of their incompetency and indifference towards an built-in sector of the state. Forces of alteration in US Health attention system The wellness attention state of affairs of United States of America is altering at a rapid gait. Several tendencies combined over the last few decennaries to make greater wellness attention unfairnesss. Both Medicaid and Medicare, for illustration, contributed to aggressively lifting medical costs because they required province authoritiess to reimburse infirmaries and doctors at ‘reasonable ‘ degrees determined by wellness attention suppliers. Predictably, reimbursement was really generous and disbursals grew rapidly. Such skyrocketing medical costs, combined with the general lethargy of the economic system put wellness attention out of range for many Americans. The loss of 1000000s of occupations during the recent economic meltdown added to the turning figure of people without medical insurance. The staying occupations ‘ progressively nonunion, portion clip places in the services sector ‘ offered few, if any wellness benefits. The promotion and invention of engineering in the field of medical scientific discipline has confirmed huge blessings on world. New medical specialties emerged mundane to extenuate a figure of diseases. Pharmaceutical and biomedical companies work indefatigably to develop medical specialties for such diseases, which considered as incurable in the past like Cancer ( Vastag, 1998 ) . United States is one of the most medically advanced states of the universe. Anybody who can afford or hold the proper health care coverage has entree to the best available medical engineering ( Bodenheimer, 2006 ) . Translating new engineering into pattern resulted greater per capita health care outgo ( Bodenheimer, 2005 ) . Thus engineering and invention in the medical field is an of import ground for wellness attention outgo ( Cutler & A ; McClellan, 2001 ) . Harmonizing to the US Bureau of the Census, the fastest turning section of the population in 1990 was grownups and seniors. In the twelvemonth 2000, 36 per centum of the population of the United States was over 45 old ages old, as compared to 30.8 per centum in this class in 1980. Alternatively of being youth-oriented in the hereafter, the United States will go a senior orientated civilization. Health disbursals of a individual increases as his or her age additions. However, experts believe that the factor of aging population contributes really small in the addition of wellness attention outgo ( Orszag, 2008 ) . Harmonizing to the informations provided by Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , in the twelvemonth 2003 United States spends about 7.3 per centum of its entire wellness attention outgo on administrative and insurance costs as compared to Canada which spends merely 2.6 % on administrative and insurance costs ( Schoen & A ; How, 2003 ) . Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ( CMS ) have besides performed some surveies which show that United States administrative cost for wellness insurance was 14.3 % of its entire wellness attention outgo in 2005 ( Centers for Medicare & A ; Medicaid Services, 2005 ) . Although the alteration of US healthcare scene is non confined to these factors merely but they are some of the major subscribers for the continuously altering healthcare scene. Need for Health and Well Program The first inquiry that pops in head before planing a wellness and health plan for a private corporation is to understand the necessity due to which such a plan is being incepted. By inventing the demand and grounds for the plan any corporation can measure the full issue in greater item and penetration. Furthermore different complications that can be encountered during the class of the full plan can be analyzed in progress and prior to the launching of the plan and out of all these outstanding characteristics it is most of import to happen out a valid ground which can legalize and warrant the demand of such a plan. There are really two dimensions through which we can happen a rational account for such wellness and health plans. The grounds can be biological every bit good as accommodate commercial involvements. Biological grounds include the inauspicious effects of work overload on employee wellness which has become a prima cause of decease for people who develop marks and symptoms of diseases like malignant neoplastic disease, bosom onslaught and shot. Due to work emphasis and huge burden many employees in their several corporations besides develop the wont of smoke. Harmonizing to statistics that were published in 2004 edition of American Medical Journal it was estimated that smoking in the twelvemonth 2000 killed over 435,000 which surged from 400,000 in the twelvemonth 1990. Most of the victims of smoking included people from different corporations who engaged in this harmful and deadly wont due to the work load that they encountered in their corporations. Another really major ground which farther aggravated the demand of wellness plans from organisations included the increasing rate of fleshiness threat. One of the grounds that were held accountable for fleshiness included deficiency of physical activity and vigorous exercising since most of the clip in organisations is spend in forepart of computing machines either making office work or playing video games on computing machine systems. ( Nichols, 2007 ) In add-on to this the quickly progressively and booming concern of fast nutrient ironss through which people can easy buy and entree nutrient has besides proved as an effectual barrier in lending any benefit to their already anaemic province of wellness. It is a clearly understood that a squad of people who is excessively careworn and fatigued to transport his or her ain weight can non perchance afford or manage the duties and load of the work that his or her corporation provides him with and the progressively competitory environment of modern-day corporate industry does non let any topographic point to employees who can non get the better of their weariness or fleshiness syndrome. This really ground links itself to the fact where organisations in the aftermath of researching their corporate societal duties launch plans that cater to the wellness and health of their employees under organisational conditions. Organizations and different corporations in the thick of detecting a new component of marketing through the CSR factor provided their employees with the inducement of originating wellness and health plans for them through which they were successfully able to heighten their degree of trust and repute among their employees and besides boosted their public dealingss by supplying a wholly new run in order to elate their image in forepart of people. Hence the corporate involvements of employees every bit good as of employers led to the origin of the wellness and health plans at an organisational degree. ( Health and Wellness, 2010 ) Current jobs and fiscal defects in the US wellness system United States Health attention plan helps the older and the hapless citizens of the United States. The authorities of United States spends about Eighteen per centum of its GDP in its Healthcare plan, which is highest as compared to the Health attention Systems of other states ( Danzon ) . It is besides to be noted that United States is the lone state, among the developed states, which have about 15 percent population without any medical coverage. Other developed states, on norm, spend 9 per centum of their GDP on wellness attention ( OECD, 2006 ) . Switzerland is at 2nd topographic point in wellness attention disbursement which is $ 4177 per individual. Other industrialised states are non passing more than $ 3200 per individual Unlike other postwar industrialized states, the United States has moved really easy toward comprehensive wellness attention for all citizens. In 1965, Congress established the Medicare plan to function the aged and handicapped, and Medicaid to assist the hapless and institutionalised. For the most portion, nevertheless, United States health care plan has dependent on nongovernmental plans. Peoples have had to happen their ain, private beginning of wellness attention. While this system suit our free-market economic theoretical account and has provided the universe ‘s finest medical intervention to insured patients, it has besides meant that a big figure of Americans have had hapless entree to wellness attention. Although United States is one of the states, which spends batch of money in health care but ‘the consequences are non evident either in Americans ‘ satisfaction with their wellness attention system or in their wellness. Consequences are unsatisfactory in infant endurance, the length and quality of life, and entree to wellness attention, peculiarly for hapless people, and communities of colour. The United States has met merely about 15 per centum of the aims set by Healthy People 2000. While advancement has been made toward the aims in another 44 per centum, Americans ‘ wellness has really deteriorated for approximately 20 per centum of the aims ( e.g. , fleshiness, physical activity, coffin nail usage among striplings ) ‘ ( NCHS 1997, p. 2 ) . United States has experienced steady addition in the wellness attention costs for the last 2 to 3 decennaries. In the decennary of 1980s, US expenditure on wellness attention was $ 253 billion which has increased to $ 714 billion in the decennary of 1990s. Soon, US health care outgo is more than $ 2.7 trillion ( Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2010 ) . US spend about $ 7, 681 per occupant which is about 18 per centum of the entire Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) of the state. It is expected that by the twelvemonth 2015 US wellness attention disbursement will make $ 4 trillion and sum to 20 % of the entire GDP The statistics have proved that 60 to 70 per centum of the entire wellness attention outgo of United States is consumed by the 10 per centum of the population. This 10 per centum of population which generates most wellness attention costs are either suffered from chronic disease, disabled or hapless. The undermentioned figure shows the five costliest wellness conditions that cost United States most out of pocket costs. Actually talking, United States does non supply a coherent patient-centered attention for the above mentioned minority group which is one the factors of overall addition in the wellness attention outgo ( Ayanian et. al. , 2000 ) . Harmonizing to the Institute of Medicine, the quality of attention is â€Å" the grade to which wellness services for persons and populations increase the likeliness of coveted wellness results and are consistent with current professional cognition ‘ ( Institute of Medicine, 1990 ) . But at the same clip this plan is besides blamed, ‘for the bounds of its range in supplying wellness insurance to the hapless, its ties to the public assistance system and image jobs, its fluctuations across States, and the financial loads imposed on Federal and State budgets as the plan has grown in range and disbursement ‘ ( Rowland, 1995 ; pg. 272 ) . United States wellness attention system, being a immense system, has besides established inefficiency which proves to be a barrier to the invention of this $ 2.7 trillion industry. This inefficiency, despite all the mechanization and technological inventions, consequences the loss of $ 300 billion, i.e. 15 cents per dollar spent on wellness attention The figure of uninsured is continuously lifting due to several factors. These uninsured people are really likely to populate without proper wellness coverage because of the turning load of wellness attention ( Institute of Medicine, 2002 ) . As consumers are fighting to get by with the mounting out-of-pocket liabilities, the suppliers are seeking to better their falling grosss by revamping their concern processes to diminish the turning bad debt and to better pull off the payments from the consumers. A common perceptual experience is that consumers are unwilling to pay for their wellness attention outgo. However, the study, conducted by McKinsey quarterly, suggested that consumers are normally willing to pay but the charge system inefficiencies, deficiency of funding options and consumer ‘s confusion are the chief grounds of non ‘ payment ( Finn, Pellathy and Singhal, 2009 ) . It is pertinent to province the position of Healthcare Financial Management Association, ‘ In many ways, the state ‘s current health care payment system blocks, instead than supports, the state ‘s wellness ends: The system does non efficaciously reward health or high quality. The system does non promote social benefit such as entree to care. And the system creates fiscal instability by adding cost and complexness to wellness disposal, by honoring high-cost patterns, and by concentrating on expensive sickness-focused intercessions instead than health. ‘ ( Healthcare Financial Management Association, 2008 ) . Stakeholders in Health attention organisation The uninterrupted alterations in the health care field have wholly changed the position of infirmaries and wellness attention organisations and they are now acted more like a concern venture than a societal service organisation ( Shortell, Morrison & A ; Robbins, 1985 ) . This new altering environment has compelled the disposal of wellness attention organisation to take all the concerns of the stakeholders earnestly and now stakeholders are act uponing the personal businesss of wellness attention organizations whether it belong to disposal, fiscal or quality attention issues ( Blair & A ; Fottler, 1990 ) . Although the stakeholders are the same for both non-profit-making and for net income wellness organisations ; however, their power and influence is different depending on the construction of the wellness attention organisation ( Kralewski, Gifford & A ; Porter, 1988 ) . Although there are legion groups of stakeholders, but harmonizing to a survey ( Fottler et al. , 1989 ) , the und ermentioned five are the most influential and powerful. 1. Medical Staff 2. Patients 3. Hospital Management 4. Professional Staff 5. Board of Trustees The penchants of all these stakeholders are different. Medical and Professional staff stress more on quality of wellness attention provided to the patients. Patients are besides concerned about the service and clinical quality but cost of the quality wellness attention is besides one of their major concerns. Hospital direction focuses on the leading, profitableness and cost containment of health care services. Board of legal guardians who have the reins of control of overall infirmary direction attention largely for the profitableness, regular watercourse of hard currency flow and effectual and efficient use of resources. The disposal and executives of wellness attention organisations normally formulate attempt to explicate a scheme which satisfy all the stakeholders because they have overlapping ends and involvements ( Counte, 1995 ) . Recommendation for how best wellness attention could be delivered 1. Determine the gross beginnings available for subsidising the wellness attention coverage farther with a end to cover all the Americans in wellness attention insurance cyberspace ; as all the above treatment show there are 1000000s of uninsured people in America which prove to be an tremendous load on the economic system of United States. There is a demand to cover as many people as possible under wellness attention insurance by mobilising the bing gross beginnings every bit good as by making new resources like taxing baccy, cresting the revenue enhancement exclusion of employer based wellness insurance etc. 2. Create, in order to pool hazards, insurances exchanges at province or regional footing. Such exchanges will be good for those Americans besides who do non take part in employer-based or other group insurance installations. 3. Establish a board with representation of all the stakeholders of wellness attention system. This board determines and updates the wellness attention benefit bundle of United States citizens through province or regional degree insurance exchanges. Challenges for infirmaries It has been estimated that mean cost of a trial is within the scope of $ 200 to $ 400, accompanied with the medical charges of the concerned physician which are $ 10 to $ 15 and if the status is much serious, which is a usual instance with chronic infections, the cost is above $ 300. It has been forecasted by many economic analysts that the wellness disbursals in United States will see a uninterrupted rush due to the deteriorating economic conditions which has sidelined companies to supply any sort of medical benefit to their employees, authorities institutional wellness reform programs is non deadening any fruit and private sector seems excessively intimidated to assure anything that in the long tally erodes its credibleness. Furthermore, the load of the 47 million uninsured people of the state is being sustained on the disbursal of the 253.4 million people that have medical insurance as disclosed by the statistics released by Census Bureau. Harmonizing to analysts the misdirection and the huge pandemonium occupying the wellness sector in the United States is chiefly an result of unprofessional behavior and a manifestation of utmost carelessness in the allotment of fiscal resources which has resulted in an instability between the end product and input being generated by the sector. At present the end product easy surpasses the input and if concrete stairss are non taken to decide the job, the ensuing effects will be badly inauspicious and irrevokable. Clinical attention of patients are become more and more ambitious with the transition of clip. At the same clip infirmaries face troubles in supplying quality wellness attention service in present economic status. In the twelvemonth 2000, harmonizing to American Hospital Association, 1 out of 3 infirmaries showed losingss, 58 % have negative borders on Medicare patients and 73 % reported loss in handling Medicaid patients ( American Hospital Association, 2002 ) . Doctor ‘s Organization Like others in concern, doctors must vie for paying patients. Doctors are no longer in short supply, except in urban slums and remote rural countries, and find themselves in a purchaser ‘s market. Besides they frequently enter pattern with medical school debts of 100s of 1000s of dollars. All this force per unit area conflicts with the doctor ‘s professional moralss to urge medical service to patients without seeking to maximum fees. Agreements with makers of medical merchandises and drugs may honor doctors for ordering or urging merchandises that are more expensive. Doctors might direct patient to wellness attention installations, such as research labs, convalescent places, in which they are fiscal involvement. The function and duty of doctor ‘s organisation is to set up, ‘Performance measures'if done right'have possible to measure physician public presentation, better the quality of patient attention, heighten the coordination and direction of attention, and reward doctors who meet or exceed the benchmarks set by public presentation steps. However, if applied in a bureaucratic, arbitrary, or punitory mode, public presentation measuring can impede quality and injury patient attention, undermine the physician'patient relationship, and cause physician defeat and calling dissatisfaction ‘ ( ACF, 2004 ) . In the new system, payments should depend on the efficient bringing of quality wellness attention services which leads towards the betterment of the overall status of the patients. Role of Nursing Organization Nurses provide attention, non merely for physical unwellness, but besides for emotional, mental, societal and religious jobs to guarantee the complete healing of the patient ( Donabedian, 1988 ) . In the last century nursing has made a phenomenal accomplishment that it has led to the acknowledgment of nursing as a profession and a separate educational subject. Contemporary nursing is now more meaningful and important because of theory-based pattern which shifted nursing ‘s focal point from career to an organized profession. It was research and theory together which produced nursing scientific discipline. Nursing theory fundamentally suggests that nursing should be given professional instruction during which they will analyze a aggregation of interrelated topics which will be applied in their pattern. The cognition may be derived from experimental acquisition or formal beginnings such as nursing beginnings or nursing research. Nursing is a scientific discipline affecting many pe ople environment and procedure in the context of health care. It is the duty of nursing organisation to guarantee that all wellness attention organisations may hold a sufficient PTN ratio. Overburdened nurses increase the chance of foetal mistake happening and diminish the labour cost economy. Statisticss revealed that traveling from 6:1 to 7:1 costs 1.4 extra lives lost per 1000 admittances. There are 38 million infirmary admittances per twelvemonth in the United States ( Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2002 ) , therefore, little addition in PTN ratio, i.e. 7:1 to 6:1, may ensue in significant figure of lives saved. Improvement in Clinical Support Services The American wellness attention system provides first-class intervention for insured patients, but many people have hapless entree to the system, and unfairnesss have late increased due to many factors. The free market attack is seemly non an attack that could be used in a wellness attention system when there is non the engagement of all parties, such as those that are uninsured. It has been reported that the 47 million uninsured Americans without wellness insurance are mostly borne by those with insurance. The undermentioned betterments are recommended in clinical support services: ‘ Rewards the invention in efficient bringing of wellness attention ‘ Establish a well-and firmly funded entity which continuously perform research on efficiency and effectivity of drugs, wellness attention devices, diagnosing and procedures and processs of wellness attention ‘ Federal and State Torahs must be made more consistent and rational ‘ Establish Information Technology substructure in wellness attention in order to ease informations exchange ‘ Create a National wellness attention database which will be available to all the stakeholders and research workers Social and Economic footing for the growing of the Uninsured in America Several tendencies combined over the last few decennaries to make greater wellness attention unfairnesss. Both Medicaid and Medicare, for illustration, contributed to aggressively lifting medical costs because they required province authoritiess to reimburse infirmaries and doctors at ‘reasonable ‘ degrees determined by wellness attention suppliers. Predictably, reimbursement was really generous and disbursals grew rapidly. Such skyrocketing medical costs, combined with the general lethargy of the economic system put wellness attention out of range for many Americans. The loss of 1000000s of occupations during the recent economic meltdown added to the turning figure of people without medical insurance. The staying occupations ‘ progressively nonunion, portion clip places in the services sector ‘ offered few, if any wellness benefits. The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( AIDS ) epidemic put an added load on the US wellness attention system. The disease claimed over 80, 000 lives up to 1990. Many of these patients are unemployed, and lack medical insurance, and have unmet demands beyond wellness attention, including guidance services, lodging, and transit. As the disease spreads, the costs of research, intervention, and lost productiveness add up to one million millions of dollars each twelvemonth. For these grounds force per unit area grew for wellness attention reforms in United States. Harmonizing to a study of Institute of Medicine, the future wellness policy must place further the of import maps of the policy, i.e. service, policy development and appraisal. These would besides better the overall quality of different state-owned undertakings. A panel from the platform of Institute of Medicine gave the undermentioned recommendations: ‘that every populace wellness bureau on a regular basis and consistently roll up, assemble, analyze, and do available information on the wellness of the community, including statistics on wellness position, community wellness demands, and epidemiological and other surveies of wellness jobs†¦ ‘ ‘That the public wellness responsibilities of provinces should include†¦ appraisal of demands in the province based on informations aggregation ; confidence of an equal statutory base for wellness activities ; †¦ constitution of statewide wellness aims ; †¦ confidence of appropriate organized statewide attempt to develop and keep indispensable†¦ wellness services†¦ ‘ ( Institute of Medicine, 1988 ) . Reasons for addition in wellness attention costs The steady addition of healthcare outgo coupled with the present planetary economic meltdown and lifting federal shortage makes it really dashing undertaking for United States to finance the wellness attention outgo either through private employers wellness insurance coverage or through public plans like Medicare and Medicaid. This has besides compelled the wellness insurance companies to increase their wellness insurance premium rate. Now the household premium of employer-sponsored wellness insurance has increased by 131 per centum since 1999 ( Kaiser Family Foundation and Health Research and Educational Trust, 2009 ) . Public plans like Medicare and Medicaid portion a major ball of entire wellness attention outgo duty but they failed to increase their per capita disbursement with the same gait as private insurance companies do, i.e. 6.8 against 7.1 per centum between the period 1998 to 2008 ( Altman, Levitt and Claxton, 2010 ) . Invention and Technology The promotion and invention of engineering in the field of medical scientific discipline has confirmed huge blessings on world. It draws the line between the old epoch and the modern epoch of brightness, between human retardation and advancement, between the life of wretchednesss and the era of felicity and cognition, between work forces ‘s foolish beliefs and scientific enquiry and research. The present epoch is the period of rapid alteration and inventions. New medical specialties emerged mundane to extenuate a figure of diseases. These medical specialties cut down the opportunities of coronary arteria disease, coronary artery disease, and bosom onslaught etc. Pharmaceutical and biomedical companies work indefatigably to develop medical specialties for such diseases, which considered as incurable in the past like Cancer ( Vastag, 1998 ) . Biomedical companies besides working on different vaccinums to extinguish diseases like Hepatitis C, which leads to chronic infections and liver failures ( Stratton et al. , 1999 ) . Similarly Curative vaccinum is best for forestalling malignant neoplastic diseases in general and vaccinum for villoma virus is supposed to forestall malignant neoplastic diseases of neck in peculiar. Aging Harmonizing to the US Bureau of the Census, the fastest turning section of the population in 1990 was grownups and seniors. In the twelvemonth 2000, 36 per centum of the population of the United States was over 45 old ages old, as compared to 30.8 per centum in this class in 1980. Alternatively of being youth-oriented in the hereafter, the United States will go a senior orientated civilization ( Way, 2000 ) . It has been estimated that merely 50 % of the citizens under the age bracket of 55 to 64 old ages are in work in developing states as compared to 75 % of 25 to 54 old ages old and this per centum shrinks further in EU states, i.e. merely 39 % . It is besides estimated that aging population of United States will turn about 80 per centum during the period of 2000 to 2025 ( U.S. Census Bureau, 2002 ) . Health disbursals of a individual increases as his or her age additions. However, experts believe that the factor of aging population contributes really small in the addition of wellness attention outgo ( Orszag, 2008 ) . Decision Peoples cope with life ‘s uncertainnesss, particularly mortality and disease, utilizing medical specialty. Medical scientific discipline uses non a sacred but a profane attack covering with the ordinary, platitude and layman. The hapless suffer more wellness jobs than the remainder of the society as a consequence of low quality wellness attention, more life emphasiss, and fewer get bying resources. Functionalists claim that the wellness attention establishment helps keep a strong work force, but conflict theoreticians argue that it has historically shifted the incrimination for sick wellness from the environment to the laden hapless and through medicalization has extended its control over of all time more parts of society. Even today, medical scientific discipline focal points on the person ‘s duties for illness instead than societal causes. The capitalist system causes the wellness jobs, but uses the medical establishments to get away incrimination and even net income from them. Suggested options include more authorities intercession and greater consumer instruction. The American wellness attention system provides first-class intervention for insured patients, but many people have hapless entree to the system, and unfairnesss have late increased due to many factors. This has promoted calls for reforms, including free, cosmopolitan wellness attention which most other modern states offer to their citizens. Many of these states, nevertheless, have retreated from socialized medical specialty because of lifting cost and increasing consumer demands. The free market attack is seemly non an attack that could be used in a wellness attention system when there is non the engagement of all parties, such as those that are uninsured. It has been reported that the 47 million uninsured Americans without wellness insurance are mostly borne by those with insurance. There is a measure of 2.7 trillion yearly for the cost of attention on United States economic system to care for the uninsured and about three 4th of this is paid by the Federal, State and local authoritiess through a assortment of destitute attention payments. The extra disbursals is push away on to the private sector. There are 299 million people in the United States in 2007 and out of that sum there is about 253.4 million that have wellness insurance ( Cover, 2009 ) . The huge bulk of those 202 million had private wellness insurance, harmonizing to the Census Bureau and those Numberss double as of 2009. Numerous factors combined together to make unfairnesss in United States wellness attention system. State and Federal authorities have to reimburse the wellness attention disbursals of people through Medicare, Medicaid and other authorities sponsored plans liberally which grew at a rapid gait due to the crisp addition in wellness attention cost. The present glooming economic status of United States, loss of 1000000s of occupations increased the figure of uninsured people and added more load on the already bowed down shoulders of US Government. In such a state of affairs, it seems instead, farfetched that US authorities will go on to bear wellness attention disbursal of the uninsured and underinsured people. The continuously increasing fiscal liability of supplying wellness attention services to the uninsured proved to be a hinderance which does non let the system to work decently and an hindrance to supply the wellness attention benefit to the meriting portion of the society.

Interview with a Bilingual - 1929 Words

INTRODUCTION This report presents an interview with a bilingual called H.D . H.D. is a daughter of a Turkish immigrant family who lived in Australia for 12 years .H.D. gives examples from her personal life about how she became bilingual background , the challenges of second language acquisition , benefits and the role of languages in her life. H.D was asked the following questions : (a) Could you please explain how you became bilingual? (b) Could you describe the bilingual environment you grew up in? (c) Which language do you feel more confident in speaking? And why? (d) How did you develop your reading and writing skills in both languages and what kind of challenges did you face during the learning process? (e) How did you feel as†¦show more content†¦H.D.’s answer was interesting: â€Å"I think I just picked up both languages simultaneously and it was always pretty natural for me to speak two languages. I don’t remember getting confused however my parents sometimes did some tricks ,like pretending not to understand English , which forced me to use Turkish. We were regularly in contact with other Turkish families living in Melbourne . I also attended Turkish classes on the weekends for a couple of years. These usually strengthened my abilities in Turkish language, and also my familiarization in Turkish culture and values.† This situation also supports the statement of Lyon(1996) that children become bilingual across the world in many communities and this can play a major part in the families into which they are born, and in their later lives at school. Bilingualism occurs within complex, multi-layered context, but from the child’s point of view the family is where it all begins. H.D adds: â€Å" I learned to read and write in English first, mainly at school, but later I attended Saturday school for Turkish lessons. This did cause a little confusion for me at first when I started to read and write in Turkish because it is spelt very phonetically. It has extra alphabetic letters such â€Å" à §, ÄŸ , Ä ±, à ¶, ÅŸ , à ¼Ã¢â‚¬  and does not have â€Å"w† and â€Å"x† sounds. I also couldn’t understand why the verbs were at the end of the sentence instead of in the middle like in English. This problem was solved with myShow MoreRelatedBilingual Education Is Important For Students944 Words   |  4 PagesFor this investigative assignment, I interviewed three of my closest friends about their perspectives on bilingual education in the United States. One of my friends, who I will call â€Å"A,† said that bilingual education is important for students because it helps them broaden their perspectives on the world. 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